Isolation and characterization of enteropathogenic and enterotoxinogenic Escherichia coli from dairy products consumed in Burkina Faso

Food-borne diseases represent a public major health problem, and drink-water, juice, meat, and milk products are usually involved. This study aimed to evaluate the antibiotic resistance of diarrheagenic E. coli isolated from dairy products consumed in Burkina Faso. Five hundred and twenty-two samples were gathered. Escherichia coli were isolated using Standard Microbiological Methods. A 16-plex polymerase chain reaction for virulence associated genes was applied. The standard disc diffusion methods were used to assess the susceptibility to 31 antibiotics. Classes 1, 2, 3 integrons were categorized using PCR. Results showed 1.92% (10/522) of milk products was contaminated by diarrheagenic E. coli. Enterotoxinogenic E. coli was found in 4.45% (4/89) of curds, 3.4% (3/88) of pasteurized milk, and 1.15% (1/87) of “déguè”. Also, “déguè” was contaminated at 2.3% (2/87) by atypical enteropathogenic E. coli. Antibiogram susceptibility showed that pathogenic isolated resists mainly to tetracycline, amoxicillin, ticarcillin, nalidixic acid, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Only the class 1 integrons was detected in 80% of diarrheagenic E. coli. Among this class 1 integrons, 4 strains contains a variable region, and the subsequent result showed a presence of dfrA7 gene coding for trimethoprim resistance. It appears in this study that dairy products are contaminated by enteropathogenic and enterotoxinogenic E. coli, which are resistant to antibiotics frequently used. This study therefore recommends the training of milk products transformers.